ASPERGILIA IgG AND IgM TEST PRICE IN DELHI

ASPERGILIA IgG AND IgM

Aspergillosis is an infection caused by mould (fungus). The illnesses caused by aspergillosis usually affect the respiratory system, but their symptoms and severity vary greatly.

Aspergillus, the mould that causes the illnesses, is found both indoors and outdoors. Most strains of this mould are harmless, but a few can cause serious illnesses when inhaled by people with weakened immune systems, underlying lung disease, or asthma.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of aspergillosis differ depending on the type of illness you have:

Reaction to allergens

Aspergillus mould causes allergic reactions in some people who have asthma or cystic fibrosis. The following are signs and symptoms of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis:

Fever

A cough that may produce blood or mucus plugs

Asthma deterioration

Aspergilloma

Certain chronic lung (pulmonary) conditions, such as emphysema, tuberculosis, and advanced sarcoidosis, can result in the formation of air spaces (cavities) in the lungs. When aspergillus infects people with lung cavities, fungus fibres can enter the cavities and form tangled masses (fungus balls) known as aspergillomas.

At first, aspergillomas may cause no symptoms or only a mild cough. However, if left untreated, aspergillomas can worsen the underlying chronic lung condition and possibly cause:

A cough that frequently produces blood (hemoptysis)

• Wheezing
• Breathing difficulty
• Weight loss that was unintentional
• Fatigue

Diagnosis

An aspergilloma or invasive aspergillosis can be difficult to diagnose. Under the microscope, Aspergillus is common in all environments but difficult to distinguish from other moulds. Aspergillosis symptoms are also similar to those of other lung conditions such as tuberculosis.

To determine the cause of your symptoms, your doctor will most likely use one or more of the following tests:

• Imaging examination. A chest X-ray or computerised tomography (CT) scan — a type of X-ray that produces more detailed images than traditional X-rays — can usually reveal a fungal mass (aspergilloma), as well as invasive aspergillosis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

• Sputum (respiratory secretion) test A sample of your sputum is stained with a dye and checked for the presence of aspergillus filaments in this test. To help confirm the diagnosis, the specimen is placed in a culture that encourages mould growth.
• Blood and tissue tests Skin, sputum, and blood tests may all be useful in confirming allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. A small amount of aspergillus antigen is injected into the skin of your forearm for the skin test. If your blood contains mould antibodies, you will develop a hard, red bump at the injection site. Blood tests look for high levels of specific antibodies, which indicate an allergic reaction.
• Biopsy. In some cases, a biopsy of tissue from your lungs or sinuses may be required to confirm a diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.

Treatment

Treatment for aspergillosis varies depending on the type of disease. Treatment options include:

• Observation. Simple aspergillomas rarely require treatment, and medications are rarely effective in treating these fungal masses. Aspergillomas that do not cause symptoms may instead be closely monitored using a chest X-ray. If the condition worsens, antifungal medications may be prescribed.
• Corticosteroids taken orally. The goal of treating allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is to prevent the worsening of existing asthma or cystic fibrosis. Oral corticosteroids are the most effective way to accomplish this. Antifungal medications alone aren’t effective for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, but they can be combined with corticosteroids to lower the dose of steroids and improve lung function.

• Antifungal medicines These medications are the standard of care for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Voriconazole, a newer antifungal drug, is the most effective treatment (Vfend). Another option is amphotericin B.

• All antifungal medications have the potential for serious side effects, including kidney and liver damage. Antifungal drug interactions with other medications are also common.

• Surgery. Because antifungal medications do not penetrate an aspergilloma, surgery to remove the fungal mass is the preferred treatment when an aspergilloma causes pulmonary bleeding.
• Embolization. This procedure stops aspergilloma-caused lung bleeding. A radiologist inserts a catheter into an artery feeding a lung cavity where an aspergilloma is causing blood loss. The injected material hardens, obstructing blood flow to the area and halting the bleeding. This treatment is temporary, but the bleeding is likely to resume.

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